Historical background of the University of the 3rd Age in Finland
The first University of the Third Age (U3A) in Finland was founded in Jyväskylä in 1985 as a co-operative project between the Summer University of Jyväskylä and the Departments of Health Sciences and Psychology of the University of Jyväskylä. Six months later, a similar program was launched at the University of Helsinki, and nowadays, U3A activities are organized at many universities in Finland. U3A services are coordinated and developed by the National Advisory Board.
The U3As in Finland are all connected with the Finnish universities. In some cases, the programs are arranged jointly with the local Summer Universities or with local Open Universities. Over 60 different organizations, such as adult education centers and other Summer Universities, provide their audience with a live broadcast of the Jyväskylä U3A lectures on different topics every Wednesday afternoon.
The U3A programmes have been extremely popular in Finland from the very beginning. The total number of participants in 2004 was 15 879 elderly people, of which 75–80 % were women. The average age of participants is over 65 years, with their education background varying from primary level to tertiary. The vocational profile is also very heterogeneous: there are retired teachers and factory workers, as well as health professionals, office staff, and many others. One of the typical reasons for participating in U3A activities is, for instance, that these elderly people did not have a chance to study earlier in their lives due to the lack of financial resources, war, or some other external constraint, and now they wish to seize the opportunity.